[ETH] Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

[Naio90]

GOVERNMENT OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA

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Structure

The government of Ethiopia is structured in the form of a federal parliamentary republic, whereby the Prime Minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government while legislative power is vested in the Parliament. The Judiciary is more or less independent of the executive and the legislature. There are 10 ethnically based administrative regions and 2 self-governing administrations; the capital city Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa.​ ​ The president of Ethiopia is elected by the House of Peoples' Representatives for a six-year term. The prime minister is chosen by the parliament. The prime minister is designated by the party in power following legislative elections. The Council of Ministers, according to the 1995 constitution, is comprised by the Prime Minister, the Deputy Prime Ministers, various Ministers and other members as determined and approved by the House of Peoples' Representatives. At the current time, this includes the 20 members of Council of Ministers.​ ​ The Federal Parliamentary Assembly has two chambers: the Council of People's Representatives (Yehizbtewekayoch Mekir Bet) with 547 members, elected for five-year terms in single-seat constituencies; and the Council of the Federation (Yefedereshn Mekir Bet) with 110 members, one for each nationality, and one additional representative for each one million of its population, designated by the regional councils, which may elect them themselves or through popular elections.​ ​ The president and vice president of the Federal Supreme Court are recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the House of People's Representatives; for other federal judges, the prime minister submits candidates selected by the Federal Judicial Administrative Council to the People's Representatives for appointment.​

Ministries and authorities

President Sahle-Work Zewde Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed Ministry of Finance and Economic Development Ahmed Shide Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Omer Husen Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Demeke Mekonnen Ministry of Water and Energy Resources Habtamu Itefa Ministry of the Environment La'qe Ayalew Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Berhanu Nega Ministry of Health and Social Services Lia Tadesse Ministry of Defence Abraham Belay Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Dagmawit Moges Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism Kejella Merdassa Ministry of Industry Melaku Alebel Ministry of Interior and Ethnic Affairs Gebremeskel Chala Ministry of Justice Gedion Timotheos

Administrative Division

Ethiopia is divided into eight regional states and two chartered cities, the latter being Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. The regions are subdivided into sixty-eight zones, and then further into 550 woredas and several special woredas.​ ​ The constitution assigns extensive power to regional states, which can establish their own government and democracy as long as it is in line with the federal government's constitution. Each region has at its apex a regional council where members are directly elected to represent the districts and the council has legislative and executive power to direct internal affairs of the regions.​ Addis Ababa 3,384,000 Addis Ababa (capital city) Afar Region 1,152,300 Semera Amhara Region 21,134,900 Bahir Dar Benishangul-Gumuz Region 1,127,000 Asosa Dire Dawa (City) 493,000 Dire Dawa Gambela Region 436,000 Gambela Harari Region 246,000 Harar Oromia Region 35,467,000 Addis Ababa Sidama Region 20,200,000 Hawassa Somali Region 11,748,000 Jijiga Tigray Region 7,070,000 Mek'ele