Government of the Kingdom of Poland

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Name:​	Party​	Position​
His Majesty, King Stanislaus Grabowski	House of Poniatowski and House of Szydłowski	Head of State
Her Majesty, Queen Zofia Grabowski nee Kowalska		Spouse of King Stanislaus Grabowski
Prime Minister Jerzy Buzek	Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS)	Prime Minister

Name:​	Party:​	Position:​
Piotr Glinski	Law and Justice	Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration
Bogdan Borusewicz	Freedom Union	Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Andrzej Adamczyk	Law and Justice	Ministry of Infrastructure and Economy
Michał Seweryński	Law and Justic	Ministry of Education and Physical Fitness
Antoni Macierewicz	Catholic-National Movement	Ministry of National Defense
Jarosław Kalinowski	Polish People's Party	Ministry of Natural Resources, Forestry, and Environmental Protection
Wojciech Stefan Maksymowicz	Agreement/Independent	Ministry of Health
Jaroslaw Gowin	Agreement	Ministry of Family, Labor, and Social Policy
Eugeniusz Morawski	Freedom Union	Ministry of Media and Digital Affairs

 

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Senat Polskiej
Polish Senate
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The Senate (Polish: Senat) is the upper house of the Polish parliament, the lower house being the Sejm. The history of the Polish Senate stretches back over 500 years; it was one of the first constituent bodies of a bicameral parliament in Europe and existed without hiatus until the final partition of the Polish state in 1795. The contemporary Senate is composed of 100 senators elected by a universal ballot and is headed by the "Marshal of the Senate" (Marszałek Senatu). The incumbent Marshal of the Senate is Tomasz Grodzki.

Following a brief period of existence under the Second Polish Republic, the Senate was again abolished by the authorities of the Polish People's Republic. It was not re-established until the collapse of the communist government and reinstatement of democracy in Poland in 1989. The Senate is based in Warsaw and is located in a building which forms part of the Sejm Complex on Wiejska Street, in close proximity to the Three Crosses Square and Ujazdów Castle. With the reestablishment of the Monarchy to Poland, the Senat was reorganized and many of the seats were reelected.

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The Senate is composed of 100 senators who are elected for a term of four years in general election in a direct vote by secret ballot. Alongside the Sejm, the President of the Polish Republic, the Council of Ministers and all citizens of Poland, the Senate has the right to take legislative initiatives.

If it is necessary for the Sejm and Senate to convene jointly as a general session of the National Assembly, this joint session will be chaired by the Marshal of the Sejm or by the Marshal of the Senate. The Senate is allowed 30 days to examine any piece of draft legislation passed by the Sejm, 14 days if a bill is considered to be urgent. Any bill submitted by the Sejm to the Senate may be adopted by the latter without any amendments or amended or rejected (but any rejection or amendment may still be overruled by an absolute majority vote in the Sejm.). Any resolution of the Senate, as a result of which a bill is repealed or amended, is considered to be passed provided it has not been rejected by the Sejm.

However, for the state budget, the Senate has 20 days to examine it. For amending the constitution, the Senate has 60 days for analysis. If the constitution is amended, identical wording of the amendment must be approved by both the Sejm and the Senate.

The Senate is also empowered to examine any reports submitted by the Commissioner for the Protection of Citizens' Rights and the National Broadcasting Council. Other than its significant involvement in the legislative process, the Senate is required to grant its consent in the case of appointment or removal of the President of the Supreme Chamber of Control, the President of the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation, the Commissioner for Protection of Citizens' Rights and the Ombudsman for Children and the General Inspector for Personal Data Protection.

However, unlike the Sejm, the Senate has no role in providing for oversight of the executive. The Senate currently appoints one member of the National Broadcasting Council, two members of the Council of the Institute of National Remembrance, two of its own senators to sit on the National Judiciary Board and three members of the Monetary Policy Council of the National Bank. The Marshal of the Senate and any 30 senators may also request the Constitutional Tribunal to examine any act of domestic legislation or international agreement to check that it complies with the constitution, ratified international agreements, and other legislation.

 

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Sejm Polskiej
Polish Gathering
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The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the transition of government in 1989. Along with the upper house of parliament, the Senate, it forms the national legislature in Poland. The Diet is composed of 460 deputies (singular deputowany or poseł – "envoy") elected every four years by a universal ballot. The Sejm is presided over by a speaker called the "Marshal of the Sejm" (Marszałek Sejmu).

The first true lower house of parliament was founded in 1493 as an assembly of Polish nobles and their representatives. In the Kingdom of Poland, the term "Sejm" referred to an entire two-chamber parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies (Polish: Izba Poselska), the Senate and the King. It was thus a three-estate parliament, and the absolute authority of the monarch was diminished by parliament's ruling under the nihil novi act from 1505. The Henrician Articles from 1573 further strengthened the assembly's jurisdiction, making Poland a constitutional elective monarchy. Since the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939), "Sejm" has referred only to the larger house of the parliament.