Thailand | Operation Coastal Shield III

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Title: Operation Coastal Shield III
Document Number: RTAF-OCSI3-001/2005
Classification: Semi-Confidential | Secret
Security Level: NSST 1.0 Architecture
Date: April 18, 2005
Public Section: I. | II.
Secure Information and Intelligence Sharing: Empire of France (Alexander)

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XI. IntroductionX

Background and Objective

Operation Coastal Shield III is a large-scale maritime security operation authorized by the Ministry of Defense of the Socialist Republic of Thailand, with formal endorsement from the National Assembly Joint Defense Committee. The mission is designed to protect the revolution by ensuring the sovereignty and security of the Thai Republic’s territorial waters, continuous zone, and exclusive economic zone (EEZ). It reflects Thailand’s broader strategy to secure the maritime domain, safeguard socialist principles, and deter any external or internal threats to the state.

Initially, the operation deploys twelve offshore patrol vessels (OPVs), with plans to gradually scale up to 35 OPVs at peak capacity based on operational needs. These vessels are responsible for patrolling strategic areas, monitoring maritime traffic, and preventing unauthorized incursions. The operation emphasizes maritime domain awareness, focusing on the identification and response to any suspicious activities that may threaten Thailand’s interests or maritime claims.

In addition to standard patrol duties, Coastal Shield III aims to enforce environmental regulations, ensure safe shipping lanes, and conduct anti-smuggling operations, aligning with Thailand’s commitment to both maritime security and environmental socialism. The fleet operates under a decentralized command structure, with regional planning boards and worker councils providing operational input, ensuring the mission remains aligned with the principles of economic and political democracy.

Coastal Shield III underscores Thailand’s regional influence as the largest naval force globally, serving as a deterrent against any potential threats to stability while bolstering its position as a bastion of socialism and international solidarity.

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XII. Command and ControlX

2.1 Guidance

Operation Coastal Shield III is led by Admiral Kamontat Pipattanakul, the Commander-in-Chief of the Republic Thai Coast Guard. Under his leadership, the operation adheres to a structured command hierarchy that emphasizes civilian oversight. The Ministry of Defense retains full control over all operational directives and decisions, ensuring alignment with national defense strategies. The Coast Guard executes its missions within the operational limits set by civilian authorities, reflecting the principles of democratic governance. Furthermore, the National Assembly Joint Defense Committee maintains supreme authority over the operation, providing oversight to uphold accountability and effectiveness in safeguarding Thailand's maritime interests.

XIII. Operational ForcesX

Republic Thai Navy Coast Guard

• Patrol Squadron One (PS1)
  • [6] Pattani-class Offshore Patrol Vessel
    • HTMS Pattani
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Khok Pho
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Nong Chik
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Su-ngai Kolok
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Waeng
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Sukhirin
      • 84 Crews
• Patrol Squadron Four (PS4)
  • [6] Pattani-class Offshore Patrol Vessel
    • HTMS Than To
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Yaha
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Raman
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Kabang
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Krong Pinang
      • 84 Crews
    • HTMS Narathiwat
      • 84 Crews

XIV. ExecutionX

4.1 Initial Deployment

All personnel must report to their respective base with all required equipment as outlined in the Defense Ministry documents. This includes ensuring all personal gear, mission-specific tools, and communication devices are in operational condition. Fuel and supplies for equipment, including vehicles, ships, or aircraft, must be fully stocked and checked for any issues. Personnel are expected to maintain readiness to deploy upon arrival. Routine inspections and safety protocols will be strictly enforced. Adherence to these directives is essential for ensuring the success of the mission and overall operational effectiveness in the current situation.

4.2 Communication

Effective communication among all units is paramount and must be maintained through the use of secure communication channels. Any unidentified or suspicious activity must be immediately reported to the command center, except in situations where such actions are deemed non-ideal or potentially detrimental. In these cases, all units and personnel, who are thoroughly trained and well-versed in operational protocols, must exercise their best judgment in handling the situation. All personnel have undergone rigorous training to ensure flawless communication protocols are followed within and between units. This training emphasizes excellence in both verbal and non-verbal information conveyance, ensuring that all communications are clear, concise, and secure.

4.3 Rules of Engagement

Engagement will be per the established Rule of Engagement (ROE) with the application of Increased Vigilance (IVG) and international laws. The use of force must be proportionate, and only used in self-defense or to deter identified threats after all non-lethal methods have been exhausted. They would never enter any country's territorial water

4.4 Support

Logistic support, including fuel, supplies, and maintenance, will be provided by the respective naval bases. Each seafarer is equipped with lightweight, waterproof body armor that integrates nanotechnology for maximum resistance against ballistic threats and corrosion from saltwater. The armor also provides buoyancy support, aiding survival in water. The standard issue firearm for naval personnel is the Heckler & Koch HK416 rifle fitted with accessory rails for attachments like tactical lights and optical sights. The Sig Sauer P226, used as the sidearm and personnel are also equipped with a variety of munitions including fragmentation, smoke, and flash grenades. Naval personnel are issued advanced, encrypted tactical radios and maritime GPS systems that maintain their functionality even in the harshest sea conditions. The GPS systems are equipped with maritime charts and include features for weather forecasts and sea current patterns to aid in navigation.

Navy personnel are issued a range of specialized equipment based on their assignments, which also includes state-of-the-art diving gear equipped with rebreathers for extended underwater operations. Each sailor is provided with a personal first aid kit that includes advanced medical supplies such as saline solution for hydration, sea sickness tablets, and sunburn treatments. Each member also has access to personal comprehensive survival kit that includes items like life rafts, signal flares, long-life water and food rations, fishing kits, and solar stills for desalination of seawater. Navy personnel also carry technical equipment such as multi-function watches with depth meters and compasses, handheld sonar devices for detecting underwater obstacles, and laser range finders for accurate distance measurements.

XV. CoordinationX

5.1 Inter-agency

Inter-agency communication between the Republic Thai Navy and other elements of the Republic Thai Armed Forces will be rigorously upheld, prioritizing security measures at all times. Liaison channels facilitating communication and information sharing between these agencies are established and overseen by the Republic Thai Armed Forces Headquarters. Integral to this communication infrastructure are the Tactical Power Display (TPD), Situation Awareness Display (SAD), and Maritime Awareness Display (MAD), all seamlessly integrated into the coordination and communication systems of all units involved. The comprehensive situational awareness and operational effectiveness across both land and maritime domains are ensured in this deployment and operation with undisturbed consistency.

5.2 International

Any decision to coordinate with foreign entities, whether at an informal or official level, must be promptly reported back to Headquarters for immediate deliberation in conjunction with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Any individuals not directly involved in the operation must be regarded with the highest level of scrutiny by both organizational and governmental authorities. Additionally, any interactions with foreign units must be conducted with appropriate response.

XVI. ConclusionX

Operation Coastal Shield III is now fully operational. All necessary resources have been deployed by the Defense Ministry. This operation demonstrates Thailand's commitment to maritime security and its role as a global leader. The mission will focus on protecting Thailand's territorial waters, continuous zone, and EEZ while upholding principles of peace, stability, and international cooperation. Regular updates will be provided to relevant authorities as the operation progresses.

[Signature]
Sutin Klungsang
Defence Minister

[Signature]
Thaksin Shinawatra
Prime Minister, Republic of Thailand

Document Clearance:
The Office of the Prime Minister
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
The National Intelligence Agency
The Republic Thai Air Force Command Center
The Republic Thai Navy Command Center
The Republic Thai Armed Forces Special Warfare & Operation Command

Distribution List:
The Office of the Prime Minister
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs
The National Intelligence Agency
The Republic Thai Air Force Command Center
The Republic Thai Navy Command Center
The Republic Thai Police
The Republic Armed Forces Headquarters
The Republic Thai Air Defense Command
The Naval Special Warfare Command
The Air Force Security Force Command
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Pattani-class OPV Specification

Secret and Encrypted
Class: Offshore Patrol Vessel
Displacement: Maximum 1,440 long tons (1,460 tons)
Length: 94.5 meters (310 ft 0 in)
Beam: 11.8 meters (38 ft 9 in)
Draft: 3.3 meters (10 ft 10 in)
Propulsion: 2 × Ruston 16 RK 270 diesel engines, driving two shafts with controllable pitch propellers
Speed: 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph)
Range: 3,500 nautical miles (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement: 84 personnel
Surveillance and Operational Systems:

• 1 × Selex RAN-30X/I multi-mode radar with IFF
• 1 × Oerlikon TMX/EO fire control radar and electro-optical fire control
• 3 × Raytheon NSC-25 SeaScout navigation radars
• Atlas Elektronik COSYS combat management system
• 1 × Catiz combat management system
• 1 × STIR 1.2 EO Mk.2 fire control system
• Navigation system: Raytheon Anschütz IBS/INS NSC series
• Communication system: Rohde & Schwarz integrated communication system

Electronic Warfare and Countermeasures:

• 1 × Vigile 100S Mk.2 electronic warfare system

Armament:

• 1 × OTO Melara 76/62 Super Rapid naval gun with 800 rounds mix of HE and AA ammunition
• 2 × Denel Land Systems GI-2 20mm automatic cannons with 1,000 rounds mix of HEI and API ammunition each
• 2 × U.S. Ordnance M2HB .50 caliber machine guns with 3,000 rounds mix of HEIAP and API ammunition each

Aviation Support Equipment:

• 1 × flight deck

 

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Prior to deployment in the Republic Coast Guard’s Operation Coastal Shield III, all personnel underwent comprehensive medical evaluations utilizing the most advanced medical equipment and best practices available. This included thorough physical examinations, psychological assessments to ensure mental readiness for extended missions, vaccination updates for region-specific health risks, and dental evaluations to mitigate potential issues during deployment. Personnel had also completed an intensive training regimen, which included refresher courses on maritime law and international regulations, advanced navigation and ship-handling simulations, and emergency response drills, such as firefighting and damage control. Cross-training was conducted to ensure personnel were capable of performing multiple roles if required. In accordance with Coast Guard doctrine, which emphasizes team cohesion in confined environments, pre-deployment preparations also included successful team-building exercises to enhance trust and communication, conflict resolution workshops, and cultural sensitivity training to prepare for potential international engagements.

Each Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) underwent a comprehensive mechanical inspection and overhaul. Engine systems were thoroughly inspected and serviced, while propulsion and steering systems were tested and calibrated for operational reliability. Auxiliary systems, including generators and desalination units, were inspected to ensure functionality. Due to the critical importance of intelligence in maritime operations, all radar and sonar systems were calibrated and tested, communication equipment was upgraded and secured against cyber threats, and navigation systems were updated with the latest charts and software. Maintaining a defensive posture, weapon systems were inspected, cleaned, and test-fired. Ammunition stocks were replenished and properly secured, and defensive countermeasures were verified and loaded for deployment.

As part of the operation and naval deployment, a robust supply chain was established to ensure sustained operational capability. This included securing adequate fuel reserves for extended missions, sufficient food and water supplies—accounting for dietary restrictions—as well as medical provisions, including specialized equipment for maritime emergencies. Spare parts for critical systems were also pre-positioned to facilitate at-sea repairs. Comprehensive briefings were conducted, addressing detailed mission objectives, rules of engagement, intelligence reports on potential threats, and environmental factors such as weather patterns and ocean currents. The Coast Guard had developed and disseminated clear protocols for various operational scenarios, including routine inspections, hostile engagements, evacuation and medical evacuation procedures, and protocols for managing diplomatic incidents or international cooperation. Additionally, clear lines of communication were established with the Imperial French Navy for potential support in extreme scenarios, with the Air Force for aerial reconnaissance or close air support, and with the diplomatic corps to handle any international incidents.

The implementation of advanced data management systems included centralized databases to enable real-time information sharing between vessels and command. AI-driven analytics were employed for pattern recognition in maritime traffic and identification of potential threats, while secure cloud storage was established for mission-critical data and after-action reports, in accordance with the NSST 1.0 Architecture framework. In alignment with Thailand’s commitment to environmental socialism, advanced waste management systems were successfully deployed on all Offshore Patrol Vessels (OPVs). Crews completed training on protocols designed to minimize environmental impact during patrols, and sensors for monitoring water quality and marine life were integrated into operations. Due to the increasing unpredictability of weather patterns attributed to climate change, enhanced weather forecasting capabilities were incorporated into mission planning. Additionally, crews received training on operating in extreme weather conditions, and vessels were equipped with climate-resilient technologies to ensure mission continuity under adverse conditions.​

 

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Before each Pattani-class Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) departed, its 84-member crew underwent rigorous pre-mission briefings. These sessions addressed mission objectives, potential threats, and the latest intelligence updates. Although highly trained and experienced, the crew received last-minute refreshers on regional maritime activities and rules of engagement. A meticulous pre-departure checklist was executed, covering all critical systems. The twin Ruston 16 RK 270 diesel engines were inspected to ensure optimal performance, supporting the vessel’s 25-knot capability. The Raytheon Anschütz IBS/INS NSC series navigation system was calibrated and updated with the latest maritime data. Both the Selex RAN-30X/I multi-role radar and the Raytheon NCS-25 SeaScout navigation radars underwent functionality tests to confirm full operational status. The OTO Melara 76/62 Super Rapid naval gun and auxiliary weapons were inspected and prepared for engagement scenarios. Additionally, the Rohde & Schwarz integrated communication system received encryption updates, followed by successful link tests with shore-based command centers.

Upon leaving port, the Pattani-class vessel transitioned from standby to active operational status. The navigation team coordinated with the engine room to gradually increase speed to 15 knots, with the controlled pitch propellers allowing for precise maneuvering out of the harbor. The Raytheon NSC-25 SeaScout navigation radars provided continuous situational awareness, critical in busy port areas. As the ship entered open waters, communication protocols shifted, with the Rohde & Schwarz system establishing encrypted links with other vessels in the patrol group and command centers ashore. Automated position reports were transmitted regularly, with manual confirmations by the communication officer. Once the vessel reached its designated patrol area—Thailand’s west maritime claim for PS1 and east maritime claim for PS4—the OPV entered its primary operational mode.

At the core of the ship’s operations were its advanced surveillance capabilities. The Selex RAN-30X/I multi-mode radar continuously scanned for surface and air contacts, while the STIR 1.2 EO Mk.2 fire control system remained on standby to track potential threats. The Vigile 100S Mk.2 electronic warfare system passively monitored for electromagnetic emissions that could indicate hostile presence. The Atlas Elektronik COSYS and Catiz combat management system integrated data from all sensors to create a comprehensive maritime picture. AI-driven analytics supported by algorithm-based processing were employed to detect anomalies and identify potential threats. With a 3,500 nautical mile range at 15 knots, the vessel was capable of extended patrols. The captain, in coordination with the operations center, employed a combination of predictable and unpredictable patrol patterns to maximize area coverage and deterrence. In a typical month, three vessels from each patrol squadron would be deployed from the first to the twentieth day, while the remaining three vessels would patrol from the tenth to the thirtieth day, ensuring continuous operational presence in the area of responsibility.

While primarily a deterrent force, the Pattani-class OPV was well-equipped to handle a range of low- to medium-threat engagement scenarios. During routine inspections of merchant vessels, the ship reduced speed and hailed the target via its communication suite. A boarding team, outfitted with personal armor and sidearms, was prepared for deployment. The OPV’s small boat was launched to carry the team to the target vessel, while the main ship maintained overwatch. In the event of a hostile encounter, the OTO Melara 76/62 Super Rapid naval gun was brought to bear, capable of engaging targets at ranges extending to the horizon. For intermediate-range engagements, the Danel Land Systems GI-2 20mm automatic cannons provided fire support, while the U.S. Ordnance M2HB .50 caliber machine guns offered close-range defense against fast-moving, small threats.

The 84-member crew operated on a three-watch system, ensuring continuous alertness and operational efficiency. The ship's relatively spacious design of the OPV allowed for sufficient rest and recreation areas, critical for maintaining crew morale during extended deployments. The engineering team conducted ongoing preventive maintenance, utilizing the vessel’s advanced diagnostic systems to predict and address potential equipment failures, thereby ensuring mission readiness and minimizing downtime.​

 

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For several months, Republic Coast Guard vessels assigned to Operation Coastal Shield had conducted sustained patrols within Thailand's recognized maritime boundaries, adhering to the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). Throughout the operation, these vessels encountered no significant operational or navigational challenges. Logistical replenishment operations were conducted seamlessly, with each vessel returning to homeport autonomously when nearing minimum fuel thresholds without compromising operational limits. Crew morale was effectively maintained through the provision of designated liberty periods, enabling personnel to alleviate stress and reconnect with their families. Operational readiness was further ensured by strict adherence to standard operating procedures (SOPs) for preventive maintenance. These protocols, implemented both during at-sea inspections and while docked, ensured the vessels remained fully mission-capable. These maintenance routines and replenishment schedules, alongside the standardized crew welfare measures, would continue to be autonomously conducted as part of sustained operational efficiency.​